{"id":122,"date":"2016-06-09T02:08:17","date_gmt":"2016-06-09T01:08:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/the7.io\/psy\/?p=122"},"modified":"2023-09-26T06:42:20","modified_gmt":"2023-09-26T06:42:20","slug":"memory-through-optogenetics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webmau.maytech.vn\/demo44\/2016\/06\/09\/memory-through-optogenetics\/","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u00ed nh\u1edb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di truy\u1ec1n? Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang!"},"content":{"rendered":"

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V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ed nh\u1edb v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/h2>\n
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Tr\u00ed nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong n\u00e3o ch\u00fang ta hay n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho con ch\u00e1u ch\u00fang ta b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3?<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o do m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ean James McConnell th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1962, khi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eedng s\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

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\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda. \u1ea2nh: Zhihu<\/i><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

N\u0103m 1962, James ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00ean Planarian \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebf th\u1eeba tr\u00ed nh\u1edb. Planarian l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt r\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i sinh c\u1ee7a Planarian \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc quan t\u00e2m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ghi nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.\u00a0Trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, James \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n nh\u1ea5p nh\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n Planarian.\u00a0Th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, Planarian s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng co l\u1ea1i khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang s\u1eafp b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

James sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1eaft \u0111\u00f4i con Planarian, n\u1eeda c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i tr\u00ed nh\u1edb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n.\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 n\u1eeda c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a con Planarian ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed nh\u1edb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi m\u1ecdc ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edbi.\u00a0Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn James tin r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a Planarian d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u1ea7u.\u00a0V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t suy \u0111o\u00e1n t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o r\u1eb1ng k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong RNA b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh.<\/p>\n

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\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda. \u1ea2nh: Zhihu<\/i><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, James quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gh\u00e9p RNA t\u1eeb con Planarian\u00a0n\u00e0y sang con Planarian kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y.\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, do h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd n\u00ean James ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u00f4 s\u01a1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng cho m\u1ed9t con Planarian ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0103n m\u1ed9t con Planarian kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p RNA c\u1ee7a con Planarian \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o con Planarian kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c: Nh\u1eefng con Planarian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u0103n \u0111\u00e3 co l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n.\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 James c\u00f2n cho m\u1ed9t con Planarian kh\u00e1c \u0103n m\u1ed9t con Planarian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n trong m\u00ea cung, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0103n th\u1ecbt Planarian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecdc m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con Planarian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u0103n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed nh\u1edb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di truy\u1ec1n.\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a James \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i.\u00a0Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch ph\u1edbt l\u1edd nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a James v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea1o \u00f4ng l\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi giun”.<\/p>\n

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\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda. \u1ea2nh: Zhihu<\/i><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2013, Darold Treffert, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Wisconsin, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c: \u1edf m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng… Sau khi b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ecd n\u00e3o, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c v\u1ebd gi\u1ecfi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n phi th\u01b0\u1eddng.\u00a0Darold \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch g\u00e2y s\u1ed1c, \u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e3o m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gen tr\u00ed nh\u1edb, cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y t\u1ef1 do truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1eefng k\u00fd \u1ee9c n\u00e0y, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng.\u00a0Darold tin r\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n k\u00fd \u1ee9c n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

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\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda. \u1ea2nh: Zhihu<\/i><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

N\u0103m 2018, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California, Los Angeles \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y sang sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u1ed1c bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u00fa s\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 r\u00fat lui ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u1edf \u1ed1c bi\u1ec3n.\u00a0Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t RNA t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea7n kinh c\u1ee7a \u1ed1c bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ti\u00eam n\u00f3 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng con \u1ed1c bi\u1ec3n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 nao n\u00fang t\u0103ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y l\u00ean 40 gi\u00e2y \u1edf nh\u1eefng con \u1ed1c bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam RNA c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n.\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con \u1ed1c bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng sang nh\u1eefng con \u1ed1c bi\u1ec3n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n RNA.\u00a0M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ed nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u01b0u gi\u1eef tr\u00ed nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a \u1ed1c bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

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\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda. \u1ea2nh: Zhihu<\/i><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u1ed1c bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 20.000 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh, trong khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 100 t\u1ef7 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh, k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nh\u1edd RNA b\u00ean trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh.\u00a0C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0y tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed DNA c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1ea7m ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng DNA th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh methyl h\u00f3a DNA v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gen nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t di truy\u1ec1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gen c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i.\u00a0V\u00ec v\u1eady, k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u01b0u gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t \u201ckho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\u201d k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean.\u00a0N\u1ebfu t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 t\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch l\u0169y qua h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m.\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thi\u00ean t\u00e0i v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n k\u00fd \u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tr\u00ed nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":807,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-122","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-development","category-18","description-off"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/webmau.maytech.vn\/demo44\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/webmau.maytech.vn\/demo44\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/webmau.maytech.vn\/demo44\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webmau.maytech.vn\/demo44\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webmau.maytech.vn\/demo44\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=122"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/webmau.maytech.vn\/demo44\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":835,"href":"https:\/\/webmau.maytech.vn\/demo44\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122\/revisions\/835"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webmau.maytech.vn\/demo44\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/807"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/webmau.maytech.vn\/demo44\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webmau.maytech.vn\/demo44\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=122"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webmau.maytech.vn\/demo44\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}